What speed is represented by 'Vr' in flight operations?

The 'Vr' speed represents the rotation speed for takeoff. This is a critical parameter during the takeoff phase of flight. It is the speed at which the pilot should initiate the pull-up to lift the aircraft's nose off the runway, allowing for safe takeoff while ensuring control of the aircraft.

At 'Vr', the aircraft has reached a sufficient airspeed to allow for a safe transition from ground roll to flight, mitigating the risk of stalling before adequate lift can be generated. This speed is generally provided in the aircraft's operating handbook and varies with aircraft weight and configuration, making it essential for pilots to know this speed for each takeoff scenario.

The identification of 'Vr' as rotation speed highlights its importance in aviation safety, making it a fundamental concept that pilots must understand and apply during their flight operations.