What actions should be taken if an engine failure occurs shortly after takeoff?

When an engine failure occurs shortly after takeoff, the most critical action is to establish a glide and land straight ahead. This choice is correct because, in the event of engine failure shortly after takeoff, there is often insufficient altitude and airspeed to safely turn back to the runway. Maintaining control and maximizing glide distance is vital to reach a suitable landing area.

The airplane’s best glide speed should be immediately adopted to maintain aerodynamic efficiency while the pilot assesses the situation. Straight-ahead landings minimize the risk of further complications associated with turns, which can lead to loss of control or insufficient height to complete a safe landing. This approach adheres to emergency procedures, ensuring safety and increasing the chances of a successful landing.

Other choices, while potentially valid in different contexts, are not recommended immediately following an engine failure after takeoff. Attempting a turn back to the runway could lead to a stall or insufficient altitude to complete the maneuver. Maintaining altitude for further assessment may result in losing critical time to glide to a landing site if the situation worsens. Reducing flaps and accelerating to cruising speed is not appropriate during an emergency when the focus should be on securing the aircraft's control and making a safe landing.